How to Cite Sources

Style Manuals: Guides to Citing Sources


Several standard guides, or style manuals, describe different forms for footnotes and bibliographies as well as specific guidelines for preparing a paper. Some guides were developed for particular subject areas, and many academic departments in the University will require you to use a specific guide or style manual.

The style manuals used most often are:

MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (referred to as “MLA Style”)

Turabian, Kate L. A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations (referred to as “Turabian”)

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (referred to as “APA Style”)

Chicago Manual of Style (referred to as “Chicago Style”)

American Medical Association Manual of Style (referred to as “AMA Style”)

The examples in these links can be used for quick reference. Keep these points in mind:


Some Additional Style Manual Links

APA Style Manual Resources

Electronic Reference Formats Recommended by APA

Citation Styles Online

Citation Styles, Plagarism, and Style Manuals: maintained by UC Berkeley Library

Elements of Style by William Strunk, Jr.

IFLANET Citation Guide for Electronic Documents

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